Manganese is an essential micronutrient found throughout the body, with the highest levels found in the liver. It accumulates in tissues high in mitochondria and is a cofactor in enzymes such as hexokinase, superoxide dismutase and xanthine oxidase. Manganese is associated with bone and tissue formation, carbohydrate metabolism, reproductive processes and lipid metabolism. Manganese is absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract with absorption being similar to iron absorption. Manganese is mainly excreted in bile with only a small amount excreted in urine. The human requirement for manganese is very low and even during prolonged TPN, no clear evidence of deficiency has been documented. However, because of the potential importance of manganese, additives containing it have been included in TPN regimens.
The concentration of whole blood manganese is about 10 times higher than in serum, therefore, the manganese from contamination is proportionately less significant, eliminating some sampling precautions.
Lipids/Trace Metals
UMN
Send to separating if ambient. Send to trace metals if frozen.
Make aliquot for UCRN. Send primary sample to trace metals.
Ambient 7 days, refrigerated (preferred) 28 days, frozen 28 days
14 days
3957