Cadmium metal is used as an anticorrosion coating for ferrous metals and in welding and brazing alloys. Cadmium compounds are used in nickel/cadmium batteries and as pigments in paints, plastics and glazes. The welding and gas cutting of cadmium coated steel carries a high risk due to the high volatility of cadmium metal. Cadmium occurs naturally with zinc and is a by-product in the smelting of zinc and some lead ores.
Cadmium has a long biological half life (10-33 years) and accumulates progressively in the body. Tobacco smoking may significantly increase exposure to cadmium, as cigarettes contain 1-2 g of cadmium, about 10% of which is absorbed. Cadmium accumulates in the liver and kidneys, which account for 50% of the body burden, and is excreted in the urine.
Biological monitoring
• Blood cadmium reflects average intake over the previous few months.
• Urine cadmium is indicative of body burden when exposure is low to moderate.
Lipids/Trace Metals
BCAD
Gross haemolysis OK, gross lipemia OK, gross icterus OK
Ambient 28 days, refrigerated (preferred) 28 days, frozen 28 days
5 days
4130