There are three principal vitamin B2-active flavins found in nature: riboflavin, riboflavin 5-phosphate (flavin mononucleotide: FMN), and riboflavin-5'-adenosyl-diphosphate (flavin adenosine dinucleotide: FAD (reported) ). In biological tissues, FMN and FAD serve as prosthetic groups for a large variety of flavoproteins, which are hydrogen carriers in oxidation-reduction processes.
Dietary deficiency of riboflavin (ariboflavinosis) is characterized by sore throat, cheilosis, angular stomatitis, glossitis, corneal vascularization, dyssebacia (red, scaly, greasy patches on the nose, eyelids, scrotum, and labia), and normocytic, normochromic anaemia. Severe riboflavin deficiency may affect the conversion of vitamin B6 to its coenzyme, as well as conversion of tryptophan to niacin. There is also evidence that more subtle riboflavin deficiency might have negative health consequences. In addition to dietary deficiency, there are rare inborn errors of metabolism, primarily involving loss of function of riboflavin transporters, which present with neurodegenerative features.
Riboflavin has a low level of toxicity and no case of riboflavin toxicity in humans has been reported.
Lipids/Trace Metals
VB2
1 x EDTA (lavender), wrap in foil, send to lab immediately.
Send whole blood to trace metals - freezer.
Do not separate.
Must be whole blood.
Whole blood frozen 28 days, light protected
FAD
Flavine Adenine Dinucleotide
Riboflavin
3 weeks
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